The management of fear and pain are of paramount importance for all dental patients...especially young children. Gain a better understanding of the use of sedation and the administration of local anesthesia to children. The sedation discussion will review the oral, inhalation (N2O-O2), and parenteral routes of administration, including drugs and techniques. We will evaluate pain control through a review of the available local anesthetic formulations employed for the pediatric population. Drugs will be compared, and techniques and complications associated with both sedation and local anesthesia will be reviewed.